A technician will usually start with the error code or flash pattern, then test the igniter or burner, flame sensor, pressure or limit switches, blower, and venting. On an oil furnace, expect a look at the nozzle, filter, and combustion readings. Ask for the readings and the failed part so you understand the diagnosis.
If the furnace has to be replaced, the permit path follows the fuel. Gas and propane units go through the gas fitting permit at Building, Inspections & Zoning, which also accepts applications through the town's SmartGov portal. Oil furnaces need the Fire Department's oil burner permit. From October 15, 2026, the building office lists hours Monday to Thursday, 8 am to 2 pm, and is closed Fridays, so inspections tend to land midweek.
Replacement is also a chance to reconsider. Many Kingston owners pair a new furnace with a heat pump, or replace the furnace with a ducted heat pump on the same ducts. Ask the contractor to price both if you're unsure.